Subjunctive Mood

Welcome to our grammar lesson about the Spanish Past Perfect Subjunctive, also called Pluperfect Subjunctive (“Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto del Subjuntivo”). A couple of sentences with verbs in Past Perfect Subjunctive (in green) By the end of this lesson, you will be able to conjugate verbs in Past Perfect Subjunctive and use them in sentences. At the end you'll find a Quiz and Exercises for practice. Let's do it! Conjugation of verbs in Past Perfect Subjunctive The formula to construct the Past Perfect Subjunctive consists of 2 words: The first word is the verb haber in Imperfect Subjunctive. Because there are 2 ways of conjugating "haber" in Imperfect Subjunctive, we can choose between the following 2 sets of forms:- hubiera, hubieras, hubiera, hubiéramos, hubierais, hubieran - hubiese, hubieses, hubiese, hubiésemos, hubieseis, hubiesen The second word is the Past Participle of the verb expressing the action. The Past Participle is the same for all persons. As an example, here's the full conjugation of "cantar", which has a regular Past Participle: And here is the conjugation of "hacer", which has an irregular Past Participle: Remember...The Past Participle of regular verbs in -ar ends in -ado.The Past Participle of regular verbs in -er and -ir ends in -ido.Some verbs have an irregular Past Participle. The most frequent irregulars are:hacer → hecho decir → dicho ver → visto escribir → escrito romper → roto poner → puesto volver → vuelto resolver → resuelto satisfacer → satisfecho descubrir → descubierto morir → muerto Click here to learn more about the Past Participle. Uses of the Past Perfect Subjunctive Here are the most frequent types of sentences where we use the Past Perfect Subjunctive: a) After “ojalá” or “ojalá que”, when we express a regret about something that can't be fulfilled anymore: Ojalá te hubiera conocido antes.I wish I had met you sooner. b) As the unfulfilled condition of something else that could have happened, but didn't. The unfulfilled condition (introduced by "si...") is expressed in Past Perfect Subjunctive, and the something else that could have happened is either in Conditional or in Conditional Perfect: Si hubiéramos hecho las tareas, habríamos impresionado a nuestro profesor.If we had done the homework, we would have impressed our teacher.Marta habría organizado la fiesta si hubiese tenido tiempo.Marta would have organized the party if she had had time. c) Expressing doubts or disbelief someone had in the past, about an action that is even further in the past. The action further in the past is the one we usually express in Past Perfect Subjunctive: Yo dudaba que ellos hubiesen reservado el hotel.I doubted that they had booked the hotel.Ana no podía creer que su novio hubiera comprado un coche.Ana couldn't believe her boyfriend had bought a car. d) After "como si...", which means "as if...", referring to an imagined past action: Me siento como si hubiera comido una vaca entera.I feel as if I had eaten a whole cow. Practice Quiz Take this Quiz about the Past Perfect Subjunctive: Exercise 1 Conjugate the following verbs in Past Perfect Subjunctive for the given person. There are always 2 possible solutions, depending on whether we choose the "hubiera" or "hubiese" forms. Click on the gray spaces to see the solutions: 1) yo hubiera trabajado / hubiese trabajado (trabajar)2) tú hubieras comprendido / hubieses comprendido (comprender)3) él hubiera pensado / hubiese pensado (pensar)4) nosotros hubiéramos sentido / hubiésemos sentido (sentir)5) vosotros hubierais repetido / hubieseis repetido (repetir)6) ellos hubieran contado / hubiesen contado (contar)7) yo hubiera dormido / hubiese dormido (dormir)8) tú hubieras hecho / hubieses hecho (hacer)9) él hubiera roto / hubiese roto (romper)10) nosotros hubiéramos visto / hubiésemos visto (ver)11) vosotros hubierais vuelto / hubieseis vuelto (volver)12) ellos hubieran descubierto / hubiesen descubierto (descubrir) Exercise 2 Fill the gaps using the Past Perfect Subjunctive of the verbs in brackets. There are always 2 possible solutions, depending on whether we choose the "hubiera" or "hubiese" forms: 1) Ojalá yo hubiera sido / hubiese sido más amable con ellos. (ser)I wish I had been kinder to them.2) Si tú hubieras comprado / hubieses comprado un móvil, podrías llamarme. (comprar)If you had bought a cell phone, you could call me.3) Yo nunca creí que vosotros hubierais robado / hubieseis robado el coche. (robar)I never believed that you guys would have stolen the car.4) Ellos hablan español como si hubieran crecido / hubiesen crecido en España. (crecer)They speak Spanish as if they had grown up in Spain.

Spanish Past Perfect Subjunctive – Learn and Practice

Spanish Imperfect Subjunctive – Learn and Practice

Spanish Present Perfect Subjunctive – Learn and Practice

Spanish Present Subjunctive – Learn and Practice